ALP blood test
Definition
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a protein found in all body tissues. Tissues with higher amounts of ALP include the liver,
A blood test can be done to measure the level of ALP.
A related test is the
Alternative Names
Alkaline phosphatase
How the Test is Performed
A blood sample is needed. Most of the time blood is
How to Prepare for the Test
You should not to eat or drink anything for 6 hours before the test, unless your health care provider tells you otherwise.
Many medicines can interfere with blood test results.
- Your provider will tell you if you need to stop taking any medicines before you have this test.
- DO NOT stop or change your medicines without talking to your provider first.
How the Test will Feel
You may feel slight pain or a sting when the needle is inserted. You may also feel some throbbing at the site after the blood is drawn.
Why the Test is Performed
This test may be done:
- To diagnose liver or bone disease
- To check, if treatments for those diseases are working
- As part of a routine liver function test
Normal Results
The normal range is 44 to 147 international units per liter (IU/L) or 0.73 to 2.45 microkatal per liter (µkat/L).
Normal values may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory. They also can vary with age and gender. High levels of ALP are normally seen in children undergoing growth spurts and in pregnant women.
The examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Abnormal results may be due to the following conditions:
Higher-than-normal ALP levels
Biliary obstruction - Bone disease
- Eating a fatty meal if you have blood type O or B
- Healing fracture
- Hepatitis
Hyperparathyroidism - Leukemia
- Liver disease
- Lymphoma
- Osteoblastic bone tumors
- Osteomalacia
Paget disease Rickets - Sarcoidosis
Lower-than-normal ALP levels
- Hypophosphatasia
- Malnutrition
Protein deficiency- Wilson disease
Other conditions for which the test may be done:
Alcoholic liver disease (hepatitis/cirrhosis) Alcoholism Biliary stricture - Gallstones
Giant cell (temporal, cranial) arteritis Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) II - Pancreatitis
Renal cell carcinoma
References
Berk PD, Korenblat KM. Approach to the patient with jaundice or abnormal liver tests. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 147.
Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 155.
Martin P. Approach to the patient with liver disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 146.
Pincus MR, Abraham NZ. Interpreting laboratory results. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017:chap 8.
Review Date: 04/29/2019
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