Quantitative Bence-Jones protein test
Definition
This test measures the level of abnormal proteins called Bence-Jones proteins in the urine.
Alternative Names
Immunoglobulin light chains - urine; Urine Bence-Jones protein
How the Test is Performed
A
The sample is sent to the lab. There, one of many methods is used to detect Bence-Jones proteins. One method, called
How the Test will Feel
The test involves only normal urination, and there is no discomfort.
Why the Test is Performed
Bence-Jones proteins are a part of regular
Your provider may order this test:
- To diagnose conditions that lead to protein in the urine
- If you have a lot of protein in your urine
- If you have signs of a blood cancer called
multiple myeloma
Normal Results
A normal result means no Bence-Jones proteins are found in your urine.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Bence-Jones proteins are rarely found in urine. If they are, it is usually associated with
An abnormal result may also be due to:
- An abnormal buildup of proteins in tissues and organs (
amyloidosis ) - Blood cancer called
chronic lymphocytic leukemia - Lymph system cancer (lymphoma)
- Buildup in the blood of a protein called M-protein (monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance; MGUS)
- Chronic renal failure
Risks
There are no risks with this test.
References
Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Protein electrophoresis – urine. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2013:920-923.
Riley RS, McPherson RA. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 28.
Review Date: 04/02/2018
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