Peripheral Neuropathy
Diagnosis

A crucial part of diagnosing neuropathy is to identify the cause of the underlying condition. Both physical and neurological exams will be performed. A number of tests may be used to determine the underlying cause of neuropathy and rule out other conditions. Along with blood and urine tests, the following also may be performed:

• Electroencephalography (EEG) This test records electrical activity inside the brain.
• Spinal Tap During this test, also called a lumbar puncture, a special needle is placed into the lower back in the spinal canal, the area around the spinal cord. A small amount of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is removed for testing. CSF is the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord.
• Computed Tomography (CT) A CT scan is a series of detailed pictures of the brain, created by a computer linked to an X-ray machine.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) This scan provides pictures of the brain, using a powerful magnet linked to a computer.
• Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) Studies These studies record the speed at which impulses travel through nerves and measure electrical responses.
• Electromyography (EMG) This test records the electrical activity in muscle tissue and is used to distinguish neuropathy from other neurological conditions.

In addition, your doctor may suggest a nerve or muscle biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Biopsy involves removing tissue for microscopic evaluation and chemical analysis.